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' P. ARBEIT Jan. 27, 1931 MANUFACTURE OF GLASSWARE Filed April 21,1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 I [7117612 for Aiiorngq.

Jan. 27, 1931., P. I 1,790,633

MANUFACTURE OF GLAS SWARE Filed April 21, 1926 s Sheets-Sheet 2 I 11 @3 en or J2me 1% A iiofn Jan. 2?, 1931' IARBEIT 1,790,633

MANUFACTURE OF GLASSWARE Filed April 21, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet s a; am far "flaw/a6 Mam A ffm mgy Patented Jan. 27, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT orFrc-E PIERRE ARIBEI'I, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO THE HARTFORD-EMPIRE COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF IDIEFLAITABIEJ MANUFACTURE OF GLASSWABE Application filed-April 21, 1926, Serial No. 103,426, and in France May 1, 1925.

This application discloses improvements upon the machine for making glassware described and claimed in my copending application for Letters Patent, filed April 24, 1925, Serial No. 25,574. The present application has for its object certain improvements in machines for automatically manufacturing bottles or analogous glass articles such as flasks, jars, carboys and the like, described in my said copending application- These improvements relate to:

First, a mechanism for opening the finishing molds characterized in that these molds,

disposed in alignment upon the longitudinal axis of the machine, are opened and closed in a vertical plane perpendicular to this longitudinal axis by moving pivotally about ahorizontal axis, while the parison molds, in their opening andcloslng movements, move pivotally around a vertical axis located be-v hind the vertical plane inwhich the o ening of the finishing molds takes place. T is arrangement permits mounting a very great number of molds on the machine'without increasing the width of the machine and consequently without making it necessary to have a glass-gathering opening of large dimen SlOIlS. 1

Second, the provision of a 'scraper in front of the parison molds for displacing the glass which has been chilled by the preceding gath ering operation from the place where the new gathering is to occur.

Third, anarrangement-permitting the entire machine to be lowered vertically when the parison molds enter the furnace, so as to lower these molds vertically upon the glass and to plunge them into the glass to exactly the same extent and so that the filling of the 40 molds will be assured when suction is produced. These different mechanisms are pneumatically controlled.

Fourth, a safety mechanism which automatically draws the machine back in the event that a stoppage takes place for any reain front of the parison molds, and its operatson' at the time when the molds are in the furnace, thereby avoiding putting the molds out of service, and also the mechanism located at the front of the machine, as a result of prolonged exposure to the temperature of the furnace.

In the accompanying drawings: s Figure 1 is a side elevational view, with parts in section, of the mechanism for opening the finishing molds;

Fig. 2 is anend view of the same structure as seen from the left of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view, with parts in section, showing the scraper-mechanism ing mechanism;

Figs. 4 and 5 are views in elevation and in plan, respectively, of a modified construction of the scraper;

a Fig. 6 is a somewhat diagrammatic view B of the arrangement serving to' lower and raise vertically the machine as a whole;

' Fig. 7 is a somewhat diagrammatic view of the safety device serving automatically to draw the machine backward and Fig. 8 is a fragmentary plan view of apart of the structure shown in Fig. 1, showing therelation of the two sets of molds when the final blow molds are closed and the blank inolds open.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the finishing molds a are disposed in ali' ment along'the longitudinal axial plane 0 the machine in. front of the parison molds b when the ma.- chine is at rest. These parison molds b, in their opening and closing movements, ivot around a hinge or vertical axis 6. ese movements are controlled, as described in my above-mentioned rior application, by a compressed air cylin er 0 fixed on the slide 0 and having a. piston 0 which, through its piston rod 0 actuates links cto cause the opening and closin of the parison molds b.

The opening and closing movements of the finishing molds a are controlled-by a shafts transmit angular movements of rotaof the concentric shafts d and (Z tion in opposite directions to levers d d connected to the carriers a a of the finish ing molds a. -In accordance with the direction of displacement of the piston al in the cylinder d, the levers (Z and d cause the halves of the molds a to separate or'to approach each other, thus producing the opening or the closing of these molds. The opening or closing movement is thus produced in the vertical plane perpendicular to the plane in which the molds a are aligned, that is to say, the axial longitudinal plane of the machine, by pivoting around the horizontalaxis The admission of compressed air into the cylinder 03, and its escape from this cylinder, are regulated by bleeder valves (Z which enable the desired speed of operation to be obtained with certainty and without shocks.

The arrangement of the finishing molds described above permits the disposal along the longitudinal axis of the machine of a large number of molds without increasing the width of the machine, and thus permits reducing to a minimum the width of the gathering openings.

The slide 0 carrying the parison molds 1) moves. horizontally and its movements are controlled by a compressed air cylinder (not shown) in the same manner as is described in my above-mentioned prior application. It is guided in its movements by two rollers,one of which, 0 is secured on the slide, while the .other roller 0 is mounted on the fixed frame 6 of the machine. 1

As shown in Fig. 3, the slide 0 carries, at its forward end, a scraper f disposed in front of the parison moulds b and intended, when the slide enters the furnace or gathering pool, to move aside the glass which has been chilled by the preceding gathering operation from the place where the new gathering is to occur.

When the slide 0 advances, that is to say, is

' moved to the left in Fig. 3, and has passed over the wall of the furnace or gathering pool, the valve 9 disposed on the cylinder 0 which accompanies the slide 0 in its movements, is opened by coming in contact with the fixed rail 6 carried by a part of the frame 6 of the machine. A dogg pivoted on the stem of the valve 9 strikes the rail 6 and thus causes this valve stem to descend. The air which is under pressure in the cylinder 0 is admitted through the pipe 9 behind the piston g of the cylinder 9 which may be formed integral with the slide 0. This piston g is pushed to the left and acts through the rod .terial.

9 connected to the bell crank f pivotedon the slide 0' to cause the bell crank f to rock. This bell crank f carries the scraper f which descends more or less deeply into the glass according to the adjustment of the stop screw 2 which limits the angular movement of the bell crank 7. The scraper 7 moves aside the glass which has been chilled by the preceding gathering operation. When the slide 0 arrives at the end of its forward movement, the dog 9 of the valve 9 escapes from the rail 6 and the valve 9 again closes. The air behind the piston g escapes from the cylinder 9 by the pipe 9 and the grooved portion of the valve stem 9. The spring 9 brings back the piston 9 into its initial position and lifts the scraper f. During the stem through 180 about the vertical axis of the stem. I

The scraper f may be made of any suitable material. For example, it may be made of metal and may be cooled bycirculation of water, or it may be made of refractory ma- Likewise, this scraper may have a straight working surface or a curved surface and it may be arranged perpendicular with respect to the axis of the machine, or at any suitable angle, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 at f This latter arrangement has for its object the setting up inthe glass of a transverse current, which brings to the parison molds for each new gathering operation a portion of fresh glass which has not been touched by preceding gathering operations.

Fig. 6 shows the arrangement serving to vertically lower the machine as a whole when the parison molds enterthe furnace. Since these molds are disposed in alignment on the axis of the machine, it is necessary that they descend vertically upon the surface of the glass in the gathering pool, so as to dip into the glass exactly to the same extent and to be filled when suction is applied.

For this purpose the frame e of the machine rests upon two arms h and i which are secured to the axles of the wheels 7L and i that support the machine, the wheels themselves being mounted loosely on their axles. A compressed air cylinder 3' disposed at the back of the frame 6 actuates by its piston y' the rod j of which is connected to the arm 2' to raise and lower the machine. The arms in and z are provided with branch arms h", i of counterwei ht hv (or a system of springs not shown) acting through the arm It, keeps the machine counterbalanced. The rod 7' carries a stop screw i which strikes the fixed abutment 7', which is integral with the frame e, at the end of the movement of the-piston j? and thus permits the descending movement of the machine to be regulated. At the back of the machine is likewise disposed a-cylinder k containing a piston 70 connected direc'tl by the rod 70 to the axle of the rear whee s 2'. This piston 70 serves; to raise the machine.

The operation of this structure is as follows:

When the parison molds I carried by the slide C arrive above the gathering point at the end of their movement,the abutment 0 carried by the slide 0 opens the valve 6 that is mounted at the front of the frame 6. The air which is under pressure in the conduit Z passes through the cut-away portion of the stem of this valve 6 through the pipe Z and is admitted through the bleeder valve 7' above the piston 7' into the cylinder 7'. This air under pressure pushes the piston 7' downward and turnsthe arm 2', thereby lowering the machine. This movement istransmitted to the axle of the front wheels through the levers and links 2' h", if, so that the machine descends vertically, the slide a remaining horizontal. The air above the piston 70 in the cylinder 70 escapes through the'bleeder valve 70 the conduit is, thedistributor m and the conduit m When the piston 3' during its descent, uncovers the port 9%, the air passes more or less rapidly-through the conduit n according to the degree of opening of the valve n which controls this conduit, and fills a reservoir e. When the pressure has become suflicient in this reservoir e, a flexible diaphragm e associated with this reservoir opens a valve e and the air held under pressure in the conduit Z passes through this valve e into the conduit Z and'pushes the piston 0, of the distributor 0 toward the left. At the same time, the air under pressure is admitted through the conduit Z behind the iston m of the distributor m and pushes this piston m toward the left. The air under ressure in the conduit 0 then traverses the istributor 0, arrives at the distributor m through the conduit 0 and,

passing through the conduit 70* and the bleeder -valve k arrives above the piston is? in the cylinder 71:. The piston 10 descends, thus again lift-in the machine. The air contained in the cylin er escapes through the bleeder valve 5' the conduit Z and the cut-away porsonmolds b isregulated by the greater orless openin of the valve n in the conduit a between t e cylinder j and the reservoir e.

Fig. 7 shows the I safety arrangement which automaticallypulls back the machine in the event that a stoppage takes place in water under pressure and is also connecte to a conduit p for discharging this cooling water. Through this conduit 17 the water returns to .a cylinder 9- through which it passes in front of the piston g and thence escapes through the conduit provided with a valve 12*. The piston gis connected to the frame e of the machine by its rod 4 The cylinder 9 is held in a fixed position by a support 1* chine. v

The degree of opening of the valve p is regulated in such a way that during normal operation the cooling water from the casing 10 reachesa temperature of about 90 C. In the event that, through an accidental sto page, the molds 6 remain in the furnace, t e water contained in the casing p is brought to the temperature of vaporization and the valve 10* is not sufficient for the passage of the steam thus produced. The pressure of this steam acts on the piston g and pushes it toward the right, which causes the ma? chine to move back on its rails, the wheels k and '5 thereby reaching the position shown in dot-'and-dash lines, and consequently the molds b are moved out of the furnace. A safety valve 9 permits the regulation of the pressure of the steam by means of the counter-weight 9* adjustable on the operating lever g of the valve, and. prevents the steam pressure from exceeding the pressure of the water entering through the feed pipe p Priority under the International Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property of March 20, 1883, is claimed for the present application by reason of the filing in France on May 1, 1925, of a corresponding application for a French patent of addition, No. 30,446, application No. 19,840.

v claim as my invention:

1. In amachine for automatically manufacturing bottles and other like articles, an arrangement for opening the finishing molds, characterized in that these molds, disposed in alignment along the longitudinal axis of the fixed on the rails of the mamachine, are opened and closed in a vertical plane perpendicular to this longitudinal axis by pivoting around ahorizontal axis, while the parison molds, in their opening and clos-' ing movements, pivot around a vertical axis located behind the vertical plane in which the openingof the finishing molds takes place.

2. A glass working machine comprising a plurality of split finishing molds arranged in alignment, means for opening andclosing said finishing molds by pivotal movement around a horizontal axis displaced vertically from said finishing molds, a like number of suction-fed split parison molds, and means for opening and closing said parison molds by pivotal movement around a vertical axis displaced longitudinally with respect to said finishing molds.

3. A glass working machine comprising 'a plurality of split finishing molds arranged in alignment, sup-ports for the corresponding halves of the said finishing molds, and means for moving said supports to open and close said finishing molds by pivotal movement around a horizontal axis displaced vertically from said molds, said means comprising a fluid pressure cylinder, a piston rod, concentric shafts carrying said supports, levers carried by said shaft and links connectingsaid piston rod to said levers for causing said shafts to rock equally in opposite directions in response to movement of said piston rod.

4. A glass working machine comprising a suction-fed parison mold, means for advancing and retracting said mold toward and away from a charging position above a body of molten glass, a scraper moving with said mold for skimming the glass and for thereby providing a fresh surface of glass for engagement by said mold, and means for lowering said scraper to engage the glass during one movement of said mold and for holding said scraper above the glass during the opposite movement of, said mold.

5. A glass working machine comprising a suction-fed parison mold, means for advancing and retracting said mold toward and away from a charging position above a body of molten glass, a scraper moving ahead of said scraper and arranged to lower said.

scraper to engage the glass during the advancing movement of said mold, and to raise the scraper and hold it above the glass during the retracting movement of said mold, the said actuating means comprising a pivotal mountingfor said scraper, a fluid pressure cylinder connected to rock said scraper about its pivot, a spring tending to hold said scraper in a position raised above the level of the glass, and means for alternately admitting pressure fluid to said cylinder and for exhausting pressure fluid therefrom.

7. A glass working machine comprising a suction-fed parison mold, means for advancforengagement by said mold, said scraper having a working surface inclined with respect to the line of movement of said mold, so as to displace the surface of the glass both forwardly and laterally. a

8.- A glass working machine comprising a carriage, a plurality of suction-fed parison molds and a like number of finishing molds mounted on said carriage, means for moving said parison molds simultaneously to a charging position above a body of molten glass and for thereafter retracting said molds away from the charging position, and means for lowering said carriage bodily when said molds are above the glass so as to lower said molds and immerse their ends equally in the glass.

9. A glass working machine comprising a carriage, a suction-fedparison mold and a finishing mold mounted on said carriage,- means for movin said mold to a charging position above a ody of molten glass, and means operable automatically in the event that said parison mold remains in the heated environment of the molten glass longer than a predetermined time, for bodily moving said carriage away from the glass and for there by removing the said parison mold from the charging position.

10. A glass working machine comprising a carriage, a suction-fed parison mold and a finishing mold mounted on said carriage, means for moving said parison mold into and out of a furnace containing molten glass,a

. casing mounted for movement with said parison mold, means for circulating cooling liquid through said casing, and means for bodily withdrawing said carriage away from said furnace in the event that said parison mold remains in said furnace beyond a predetermined time, the said withdrawing means comprising a stationary fluid pressure cylinder, a piston within said cylinder and having'its piston rod connected to said carriage,.means for conducting the cooling fluid from said casing past the side of said piston toward said carriage, and a valve for regulating the flow of liquid pastsaid piston.

11. A glass working machine comprising a carriage, a parison mold and a finishing mold mounted on said carriage, means for moving said parison mold to and away from charging position above a body of molten glass, means for lowering said carriage bodily when said parison mold is abovethe molten glass, so as to bring said mold into contact with the glass, the last named means including a pair of operating cylinders respectively for low: erlng and raising said carriage, delay action means responsive to movement of the piston in said lowering cylinder for admitting pressure to said raising cylinder, and means to vary the speed of action of said delay action means.

12. Glass working apparatus comprising a container for molten glass, a suction-fed parison mold, means for repeatedly presenting said mold to the glass in said container, a skimming device operating in timed relation with the movements of said parison mold for skimming the surface of glass in said container to provide a fresh surface of glass for each engagement by said mold, said skimming device being mounted to reciprocate toward and from the outer edge of said container, and means for moving said skimming device in a closed path such that the locus of apoint thereof which is adapted to contact with the glass comprises a four-sided figure in a vertical plane and includes a lowering movement-adjacent to the outer edge of said container and a raising movement at the inner part of its path.

13. A glass working apparatus comprising a container for molten glass, a suction-fed parison mold, means for repeatedly presenting said mold to the glass in said container, a skimming device operating in timed rela tion to the movements of said parison mold for skimming the glass in said container to provide a fresh'surface of glass for each engagement by said mold, said skimming device being mounted to reciprocate toward and from the outeredge of said container, and

means to control the position of said device during sa1d movement 1n a manner such that the path of movement of said device in one direction is lower than the return path.

14:. Glass working apparatus comprising a container for molten glass, a suction-fed parison mold, means for repeatedly presenting said mold to the glass in said container, a skimming device operating in timed relation to the movements of said parison mold for skimming the glass in said container to provide a fresh surface of glass for each engagement by said mold, said skimming device being mounted to reciprocate toward and from the outer edge of said container, means to reciprocate said skimming device, and means to raise said skimming device adjacent to one end of its reciprocatory movement and lower it adjacent to the other end.- v

15. Glass working apparatus comprising a container for molten glass, a suction-fed parison mold, means for repeatedly presenting said mold to the glass in said container, a skimming device operating in timed relation to the movements of said parison mold for skimming the glass in said container to provide a fresh surface of glass for each engagement by said mold, said skimming device being mounted to reciprocate toward and from the outer edge of said container, means to reciprocate said skimming device, and means 

